Crystallizer

ForcedForced Circulation

Forced circulation crystallizer is much like a simple forced circulation evaporator, but it includes specific features to allow correct crystallization.


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OSLOOSLO Crystallizer

Oslo type crystallizer also called classified-suspension crystallizer is the oldest design developed for the production of large, coarse crystals.

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ReactionReaction Type Crystallizer

Reaction type crystallizer, by mixing the reactants in a large circulated stream of mother liquor containing suspended solids of the equilibrium phase.

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List of products obtainable by evaporation / crystallization


1.FERTILIZER INDUSTRY

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- phosphoric acid 54% 54% P2O5 Concentration
- superphosphoric acid 70% P2O5 concentration
- ammonium sulphate (synthesis) crystals crystallization, synthesis

- potassium nitrate

 crystals crystallization by vacuum cooling
crystals  
  crystals  
- calcium nitrate crystals, 4 H2O crystallization by surface cooling
- potassium chloride crystals crystallization by vacuum cooling
  crystals  
- potassium chloride industry, by-products
Ex:magnesium sulphate 		crystals, 7 H2O crystallization by vacuum cooling
- ammonium phosphates (MAP, DAP) crystals crystallization, synthesis
- urea crystals crystallization by evaporation
- potassium sulphate crystals crystallization by evaporation

2. CHEMICAL INDUSTRY / FIBERS AND POLYMERS INTERMEDIATES

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- ammonium sulphate (purges from caprolactam, acrylic acid, methyl metacrylate) crystals crystallization by evaporation
crystallization, synthesis
- adipic acid crystals crystallization by vacuum cooling
- sodium carbonate crystals, 1H2O crystallization by evaporation

3. CHEMICAL INDUSTRY / CHLORINE

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- sodium chloride crystals crystallization by evaporation
- caustic soda from diaphragm electrolysis cells 50% NaOH + NaCl concentration +crystallization
- caustic soda from membrane electrolysis cells 50% NaOH concentration
- sodium chlorate crystals crystallization by evaporation
- potassium chlorate cooling crystals crystallization by vacuum
- sodium perchlorate crystals, 1H2O crystallization by evaporation
- ammonium perchlorate crystals crystallization by cooling
- sodium sulphate (Glauber salt) cooling crystals, 10H2O crystallization by vacuum
- sodium sulphate (anhydrous) crystals crystallization by evaporation

4. SALT PRODUCERS

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- sodium chloride crystals crystallization by evaporation
- sodium sulphate (Glauber salt) cooling crystals, 10H2O crystallization by vacuum
- sodium sulphate (anhydrous) crystals crystallization by evaporation

5. CHEMICAL INDUSTRY / ORGANICS

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- malic acid crystals crystallization by vacuum cooling
- fumaric acid crystals crystallization by evaporation
- hexamine crystals crystallization by evaporation

6. SODA INDUSTRY

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- sodium carbonate crystals, 1H2O crystallization by evaporation
- calcium chloride flakes, 2H2O crystallization by evaporation

7. TITANIUM DIOXYDE (sulfuric acid process)

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- concentration of process liquor “black liquor” 22% TiOSO4 concentration
- ferrous sulphate (Copperas)  cooling crystals, 7H2O crystallization by vacuum

8. BORIC ACID and BORATES

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- boric acid crystals crystallization by vacuum cooling
- borate pentahydrate crystals, 5H2O crystallization by vacuum cooling
- borate decahydrate crystals, 10H2O crystallization by vacuum cooling
- perborate crystals, 4H2O crystallization by evaporation

9. METALLURGY / HYDROMETALLURGY

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- ammonium sulphate crystals crystallization, synthesis
- ferrous chloride crystals, 4H2O crystallization by evaporation
- ferric chloride 40% by weight concentration
- lithium chloride crystals, H2O crystallization by evaporation
- copper chloride crystals, 2H2O crystallization by evaporation
- aluminium chloride crystals, 6H2O HCl sparging
- copper sulphate crystals, 5H2O crystallization by evaporation
- cobalt sulphate crystals, 7H2O crystallization by evaporation
- nickel sulphate crystals, 6H2O crystallization by evaporation
- other sulphate such as zinc, and molybdenium crystals  
- sodium sulphate crystals crystallization by evaporation

10. CATTLE FOOD

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- lysine 62% by weight concentration
- methionine crystals crystallization by evaporation
- ammonium sulphate (by-product of the methionine production) crystals crystallization by evaporation

11. MISCELLANEOUS

PRODUCT END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- sterols (b sitosterol), from black liquor (paper industry) crystals crystallization by vacuum  cooling
- ammonium chloride crystals crystallization by evaporation
- recovery of KCl and NaCl from aluminium recycling process crystals NaCl crystals KCl NaCl by evaporation
KCl by vacuum cooling
- NaCl from incineration of garbage NaCl 5 to 10% crystals crystallization by evaporation
- CaCl2 from incineration of garbage evaporation CaCl2 5 to 10% crystals crystallization by evaporation

12. ENERGY

   
PRODUCT PROCESS FEED* END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- SO2 recovery from flue gas Wellman Lord/gas scrubbing Na2SO3 solution SO2 evaporation
- ammonium sulfate G.E. Walther or other/gas scrubbing ammonium sulphate solution crystals evaporation

13. AGRO-INDUSTRY

PRODUCT PROCESS FEED* END PRODUCT TYPE OF OPERATION
- citric acid fermentation   anhydrous, 1 H2O crystallization by evaporation
- citrates fermentation      
- distillery, yeast and sodium glutamate slops with recovery of salts fermentation K2SO4 and other   crystallization by evaporation